Difference between revisions of "Joshua 4: Memorials"

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'''Theological Proposition/Focus:'''  
+
'''Theological Proposition/Focus: God is God but man often needs reminding of who God is.'''  
  
−
'''Homiletical Proposition/Application:'''  
+
'''Homiletical Proposition/Application: In your life make sure you are sertting up reminder of what God has done.'''  
−
=Introduction:=
+
=Introduction: What is the most significant time you forgot something important?=
  
−
==Image:==
+
==Need: We are forgetful people and we need regular reminders. ==
−
==Need: ==
+
==Preview: In Joshua 4 we are going to see the place that memorials play in our spiritual development. We will see that God uses memorials to both remind and teach  because God's provision and timing are perfect and man needs reminded of who God is.==
−
==Subject: ==
 
−
==Preview: ==
 
−
==Text:.==
 
  
 
==Setting the Stage:==
 
==Setting the Stage:==
 +
Recall we have been looking at the book of Joshua and working through God's work in leading the people of Israel out of the wilderness and into the land of Canaan. We saw first of all that God is the one who truly leads his people. Both Joshua and Moses were important figures but only because of what God was doing. Then we saw God's saving work is effective on anyone regardless of who they are and that God's saving work drives those he saves to work on his behalf. After this we found ourselves in a situation. Israel was about to enter hostile territory on behalf of their God but  major barrier stood in the way. This barrier was yet another reminder for the people that it was God who was really leading the people. In fact, we left off with a particularly interesting situation. The leaders, the priests, stopped in the middle of the Jordan river and made the people cross over before them. Since God is the one who truly leads we should not be surprised by this but it is still important to remember that God was in control.
  
 +
So here we are, starting our fifth week of Joshua. We have covered a lot of ground, Israel has learned a lot of important lessons, so what do we do from here? Well, here we are about to see that God set's up little reminders, memorials so that we don't soon forget God.
  
 
=Body=
 
=Body=
  
−
==point 1==
+
==God uses memorials to both remind and teach (1-9).==
−
===Sub One===
 
−
===Image: ===
 
  
−
===MTR:===
+
<blockquote>
−
==Point 2==
+
When the whole nation had finished crossing the Jordan, the LORD said to Joshua, 2 “Choose twelve men from among the people, one from each tribe, 3 and tell them to take up twelve stones from the middle of the Jordan, from right where the priests are standing, and carry them over with you and put them down at the place where you stay tonight.”
 +
4 So Joshua called together the twelve men he had appointed from the Israelites, one from each tribe, 5 and said to them, “Go over before the ark of the LORD your God into the middle of the Jordan. Each of you is to take up a stone on his shoulder, according to the number of the tribes of the Israelites, 6 to serve as a sign among you. In the future, when your children ask you, ‘What do these stones mean?’ 7 tell them that the flow of the Jordan was cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD. When it crossed the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off. These stones are to be a memorial to the people of Israel forever.”
 +
8 So the Israelites did as Joshua commanded them. They took twelve stones from the middle of the Jordan, according to the number of the tribes of the Israelites, as the LORD had told Joshua; and they carried them over with them to their camp, where they put them down. 9 Joshua set up the twelve stones that had been in the middle of the Jordan at the spot where the priests who carried the ark of the covenant had stood. And they are there to this day. <ref>The New International Version (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011), Joshua 4:1–9.</ref>
 +
</blockquote>
 +
 
 +
The 12 stones were taken from the middle of the river. It is interesting because verse 9 tells us that at the same time the twelve men were taking the stones for a memorial Joshua was himself constructing his own memorial.
 +
 
 +
The 12 stones carried out of the Jordan provided a public reminder for the nation. Joshua's stones were a personal reminder to Joshua. He would never forget what he had done because of God's power.
 +
 
 +
===God himself commanded that the memorial be erected (2-3).===
 +
We left off with the entire nation having crossed the Jordan but if you were paying careful attention you might have noted that the priests carrying the ark do not seem to have finished their task yet. In fact, that appears to be the case. As the conclusion of chapter 3 the priests are left standing in the middle and
 +
====Verses 1-9 literarily freeze the narrative to provide an important break in the flow.====
 +
Within this break in flow, we learn that God has something special, something worth stopping everything to accomplish.
 +
God instituted a special memorial here. we will talk about why later but I want you to also note that
 +
 
 +
===God's command was laden with symbolism (4-6a).===
 +
====The 12 stones were representative of the 12 tribes.====
 +
Here, the emphasis on the 12 tribes is an emphasis on unity. All of Israel was partaking in the conquest of the land.
 +
====The 12 stones served as a sign and memorial====
 +
====The Hebrew word אות (sign in verse 6) could be translated as token or visible reminder====
 +
Several example uses help to understand this term
 +
=====Genesis 1:14 the stars are signs of the seasons.=====
 +
=====Genesis 9:13 the rainbow is a token of God's promise.=====
 +
=====Exodus 31:13 the Sabbath is a sign of God's covenant.=====
 +
=====The Hebrew word זצרון (memorial in verse 7) is more than just recalling but remembering with loving reflection=====
 +
===The 12 stones provided a powerful teaching tool (6b-7).===
 +
====We will cover more on the teaching tool later====
 +
====Image: Memorials in DC are full of text====
 +
Emily and I love to visit Washington DC and walk through the memorials and museums. If you visit DC you will notice that all of the memorials have a significant amount of text written on them. The text explains at least in part what is memorialized.
 +
====God's memorial had no text, it drew questions====
 +
Here in our text, I want you to notice that the memorial had no explanatory text. Instead, this memorial aimed to teach. The stones are a conversation piece. This naturally drives me to make a point before I even get to my action step. Be careful about allowing tradition to get in the way of learning. Today we are going to celebrate the Lord's supper, if a child asks you what we are doing, take a minute and explain it, it is okay. remember that memorials are supposed to not just memorialize but to teach.
 +
 
 +
===MTR: Recognize the value of memorials. Consider what should be memorialized.===
 +
 
 +
==God completes what He sets out to do (10-18).==
 +
 
 +
<blockquote>
 +
10 Now the priests who carried the ark remained standing in the middle of the Jordan until everything the LORD had commanded Joshua was done by the people, just as Moses had directed Joshua. The people hurried over, 11 and as soon as all of them had crossed, the ark of the LORD and the priests came to the other side while the people watched. 12 The men of Reuben, Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh crossed over, ready for battle, in front of the Israelites, as Moses had directed them. 13 About forty thousand armed for battle crossed over before the LORD to the plains of Jericho for war.
 +
14 That day the LORD exalted Joshua in the sight of all Israel; and they stood in awe of him all the days of his life, just as they had stood in awe of Moses.
 +
15 Then the LORD said to Joshua, 16 “Command the priests carrying the ark of the covenant law to come up out of the Jordan.”
 +
17 So Joshua commanded the priests, “Come up out of the Jordan.”
 +
18 And the priests came up out of the river carrying the ark of the covenant of the LORD. No sooner had they set their feet on the dry ground than the waters of the Jordan returned to their place and ran at flood stage as before. <ref>The New International Version (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011), Joshua 4:10–18.</ref>
 +
</blockquote>
 +
 
 +
===God brought all twelve tribes into Canaan (10-13).===
 +
Two items really stand out to me in verses 10-12,
 +
====The priests patiently waited for everyone to cross====
 +
====All of the tribes participated even the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and Manasseh====
 +
 
 +
These stand out because they show the importance of unity. The people of Israel are here united together.
 +
====It is striking to me that only one verse even starts to describe the military might of Israel (14).====
 +
=====By the way 40,000 might be 40 units (אלפ) which could be much less than 40,000 =====
 +
If this is the case then really there is no emphasis on the military might. Rather the emphasis here is on unity.
 +
===God exalted Joshua just as He said (14).===
 +
Notice that
 +
====God exalted Joshua but he hasn't even won a battle yet.====
 +
====All Joshua had done was obey.====
 +
All that Joshua has done so far is simply repeat the words of God to the people and obey. He has not led the army into victory. He has not developed some amazing new strategy.
 +
=====In fact, all we really see Joshua doing in chapter 4 is repeating God's words to the people and playing with a few rocks.=====
 +
But we see God exalting him. Why? Because he was obedient.
 +
 
 +
===God left no doubt that he was in control (15-18).===
 +
Someone might think that just by chance the waters had stopped but now they restarted at exactly the right time.
 +
====God was clearly the one who had stopped and started the flow of the Jordan. This was no mere coincidence.====
 +
===MTR: Takes steps to memorialize God's faithfulness to His promises in your life.===
 +
====Do my memorials motivate me to obedience?====
 +
====Do my memorials emphasize the sovereignty of God?====
 +
 
 +
==Man needs to be reminded of God's work (19-24).==
 +
<blockquote>
 +
19 On the tenth day of the first month the people went up from the Jordan and camped at Gilgal on the eastern border of Jericho. 20 And Joshua set up at Gilgal the twelve stones they had taken out of the Jordan. 21 He said to the Israelites, “In the future when your descendants ask their parents, ‘What do these stones mean?’ 22 tell them, ‘Israel crossed the Jordan on dry ground.’ 23 For the LORD your God dried up the Jordan before you until you had crossed over. The LORD your God did to the Jordan what he had done to the Red Sea when he dried it up before us until we had crossed over. 24 He did this so that all the peoples of the earth might know that the hand of the LORD is powerful and so that you might always fear the LORD your God.” <ref>The New International Version (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011), Joshua 4:19–24.</ref>
 +
</blockquote>
 +
===We easily forget the details of what God has done.===
 +
Now, on the tenth day of the month, we see Israel on the other side of the Jordan.
 +
====the tenth day is significant because this was the day when the Passover lamb was chosen.====
 +
For any Israelite who was taking time to think things through, they would have realized that just as God had provided the passover first in Egypt so now God was preparing the people to celebrate the Passover in the promised land. God had been with Israel this entire time and the timing of God's provision here would serve as an excellent reminder that it was God who brought the people out of Egypt and God who now brings the people into the land.
 +
 
 +
Joshua wisely sets up a reminder at Gilgal and reminds the people that this reminder will serve as a talking point for future generations.
 +
====In verse 23 Joshua explicitly connects the original Passover, Exodus, and Red Sea with this crossing.====
 +
There can be no confusion, God is the one running everything.
 +
 
 +
Personally, I really do not like the NIV translation of verse 22. I think it fails to capture the strength of the command.
 +
====In verse 22 command "tell" is a translation of וְהֹודַעְתֶּ֖ם אֶת־בְּנֵיכֶ֣ם לֵאמֹ֑ר (make known to your children saying)====
 +
=====The word וְהֹודַעְתֶּ֖ם is more about knowledge and realization than simply telling=====
 +
 
 +
====The people are to do more than just tell, they are to educate====
 +
===Image: I think the phrase "teachable moment" is overused===
 +
But there are true moments that are designed for teaching. Here Joshua is emphasizing that the monument he has erected at Gilgal is designed to teach.
 +
===The world fails to recognize God's work (24).===
 +
Joshua then further elaborates. This is not just about reminding Israel, these events demonstrate to the entire world that God is the one who is supreme.
 +
 
 +
===MTR: Set up memorials to the work God is doing.===
  
 
=Conclusion: =
 
=Conclusion: =
−
==Image: ==
+
Today we have the opportunity to celebrate a very significant memorial in our church, the Lord's Supper.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
===1 Cor. 11:23-26===
 +
 
 +
Today we will celebrate the Lord's supper. This is the ordinance given by Jesus as the means of remembering what he did. Remember, we do this in memory of Christ. If you have not accepted Christ as your personal Savior, then let the elements pass by you. If you are not walking in fellowship with Christ let them pass. This is a memory of Christ and is something he has given his followers. If you are visiting with us today and have accepted Christ as your Savior and are walking with him we invite you to join. This is not our church's supper, it is the Lord's and you are invited to join us.
 +
 
 +
In just a moment our deacons will hand out the elements. Please just hold on to them, after we sing we will partake in them together. While we are singing. Take time to worship God, take time to ask God to search your heart and show you any outstanding sin. Confess your sin and ask God to bring you into deeper fellowship with him.
 +
 
 +
====The Bread====
 +
If you will now take your cup you will notice that there are two pieces of plastic on the top of your cup. You can slowly peel off the first piece and reveal the piece of bread. We will be eating this together after I read from 1 Cor. 11 (wait 20 seconds).
 +
 
 +
<blockquote>
 +
 For I received from the Lord what I also passed on to you: The Lord Jesus, on the night he was betrayed, took bread, 24 and when he had given thanks, he broke it and said, “This is my body, which is for you; do this in remembrance of me.”<ref>The New International Version (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011), 1 Co 11:23–24.</ref>
 +
</blockquote>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
Dismiss the deacons to be seated.
 +
 
 +
===Song: ===
 +
====The Cup====
 +
Now we can take our cup again and peel back the second piece of plastic. After I read we will drink together. Remember, this is done in memory of what Christ did for each of us!
 +
 
 +
<blockquote>
 +
25 In the same way, after supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood; do this, whenever you drink it, in remembrance of me.”<ref>The New International Version (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011), 1 Co 11:25.</ref>
 +
</blockquote>
  
 +
===1 Cor. 11:26 - Till He Comes===
 +
<blockquote>
 +
For whenever you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.
 +
<ref>The New International Version (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011), 1 Co 11:26.</ref>
 +
</blockquote>
  
 
[[Category:Sermons]]
 
[[Category:Sermons]]

Latest revision as of 02:21, 19 June 2022

Theological Proposition/Focus: God is God but man often needs reminding of who God is.

Homiletical Proposition/Application: In your life make sure you are sertting up reminder of what God has done.

Contents

Introduction: What is the most significant time you forgot something important?

Need: We are forgetful people and we need regular reminders.

Preview: In Joshua 4 we are going to see the place that memorials play in our spiritual development. We will see that God uses memorials to both remind and teach because God's provision and timing are perfect and man needs reminded of who God is.

Setting the Stage:

Recall we have been looking at the book of Joshua and working through God's work in leading the people of Israel out of the wilderness and into the land of Canaan. We saw first of all that God is the one who truly leads his people. Both Joshua and Moses were important figures but only because of what God was doing. Then we saw God's saving work is effective on anyone regardless of who they are and that God's saving work drives those he saves to work on his behalf. After this we found ourselves in a situation. Israel was about to enter hostile territory on behalf of their God but major barrier stood in the way. This barrier was yet another reminder for the people that it was God who was really leading the people. In fact, we left off with a particularly interesting situation. The leaders, the priests, stopped in the middle of the Jordan river and made the people cross over before them. Since God is the one who truly leads we should not be surprised by this but it is still important to remember that God was in control.

So here we are, starting our fifth week of Joshua. We have covered a lot of ground, Israel has learned a lot of important lessons, so what do we do from here? Well, here we are about to see that God set's up little reminders, memorials so that we don't soon forget God.

Body

God uses memorials to both remind and teach (1-9).

When the whole nation had finished crossing the Jordan, the LORD said to Joshua, 2 “Choose twelve men from among the people, one from each tribe, 3 and tell them to take up twelve stones from the middle of the Jordan, from right where the priests are standing, and carry them over with you and put them down at the place where you stay tonight.” 4 So Joshua called together the twelve men he had appointed from the Israelites, one from each tribe, 5 and said to them, “Go over before the ark of the LORD your God into the middle of the Jordan. Each of you is to take up a stone on his shoulder, according to the number of the tribes of the Israelites, 6 to serve as a sign among you. In the future, when your children ask you, ‘What do these stones mean?’ 7 tell them that the flow of the Jordan was cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD. When it crossed the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off. These stones are to be a memorial to the people of Israel forever.” 8 So the Israelites did as Joshua commanded them. They took twelve stones from the middle of the Jordan, according to the number of the tribes of the Israelites, as the LORD had told Joshua; and they carried them over with them to their camp, where they put them down. 9 Joshua set up the twelve stones that had been in the middle of the Jordan at the spot where the priests who carried the ark of the covenant had stood. And they are there to this day. [1]

The 12 stones were taken from the middle of the river. It is interesting because verse 9 tells us that at the same time the twelve men were taking the stones for a memorial Joshua was himself constructing his own memorial.

The 12 stones carried out of the Jordan provided a public reminder for the nation. Joshua's stones were a personal reminder to Joshua. He would never forget what he had done because of God's power.

God himself commanded that the memorial be erected (2-3).

We left off with the entire nation having crossed the Jordan but if you were paying careful attention you might have noted that the priests carrying the ark do not seem to have finished their task yet. In fact, that appears to be the case. As the conclusion of chapter 3 the priests are left standing in the middle and

Verses 1-9 literarily freeze the narrative to provide an important break in the flow.

Within this break in flow, we learn that God has something special, something worth stopping everything to accomplish. God instituted a special memorial here. we will talk about why later but I want you to also note that

God's command was laden with symbolism (4-6a).

The 12 stones were representative of the 12 tribes.

Here, the emphasis on the 12 tribes is an emphasis on unity. All of Israel was partaking in the conquest of the land.

The 12 stones served as a sign and memorial

The Hebrew word אות (sign in verse 6) could be translated as token or visible reminder

Several example uses help to understand this term

Genesis 1:14 the stars are signs of the seasons.
Genesis 9:13 the rainbow is a token of God's promise.
Exodus 31:13 the Sabbath is a sign of God's covenant.
The Hebrew word זצרון (memorial in verse 7) is more than just recalling but remembering with loving reflection

The 12 stones provided a powerful teaching tool (6b-7).

We will cover more on the teaching tool later

Image: Memorials in DC are full of text

Emily and I love to visit Washington DC and walk through the memorials and museums. If you visit DC you will notice that all of the memorials have a significant amount of text written on them. The text explains at least in part what is memorialized.

God's memorial had no text, it drew questions

Here in our text, I want you to notice that the memorial had no explanatory text. Instead, this memorial aimed to teach. The stones are a conversation piece. This naturally drives me to make a point before I even get to my action step. Be careful about allowing tradition to get in the way of learning. Today we are going to celebrate the Lord's supper, if a child asks you what we are doing, take a minute and explain it, it is okay. remember that memorials are supposed to not just memorialize but to teach.

MTR: Recognize the value of memorials. Consider what should be memorialized.

God completes what He sets out to do (10-18).

10 Now the priests who carried the ark remained standing in the middle of the Jordan until everything the LORD had commanded Joshua was done by the people, just as Moses had directed Joshua. The people hurried over, 11 and as soon as all of them had crossed, the ark of the LORD and the priests came to the other side while the people watched. 12 The men of Reuben, Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh crossed over, ready for battle, in front of the Israelites, as Moses had directed them. 13 About forty thousand armed for battle crossed over before the LORD to the plains of Jericho for war. 14 That day the LORD exalted Joshua in the sight of all Israel; and they stood in awe of him all the days of his life, just as they had stood in awe of Moses. 15 Then the LORD said to Joshua, 16 “Command the priests carrying the ark of the covenant law to come up out of the Jordan.” 17 So Joshua commanded the priests, “Come up out of the Jordan.” 18 And the priests came up out of the river carrying the ark of the covenant of the LORD. No sooner had they set their feet on the dry ground than the waters of the Jordan returned to their place and ran at flood stage as before. [2]

God brought all twelve tribes into Canaan (10-13).

Two items really stand out to me in verses 10-12,

The priests patiently waited for everyone to cross

All of the tribes participated even the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and Manasseh

These stand out because they show the importance of unity. The people of Israel are here united together.

It is striking to me that only one verse even starts to describe the military might of Israel (14).

By the way 40,000 might be 40 units (אלפ) which could be much less than 40,000

If this is the case then really there is no emphasis on the military might. Rather the emphasis here is on unity.

God exalted Joshua just as He said (14).

Notice that

God exalted Joshua but he hasn't even won a battle yet.

All Joshua had done was obey.

All that Joshua has done so far is simply repeat the words of God to the people and obey. He has not led the army into victory. He has not developed some amazing new strategy.

In fact, all we really see Joshua doing in chapter 4 is repeating God's words to the people and playing with a few rocks.

But we see God exalting him. Why? Because he was obedient.

God left no doubt that he was in control (15-18).

Someone might think that just by chance the waters had stopped but now they restarted at exactly the right time.

God was clearly the one who had stopped and started the flow of the Jordan. This was no mere coincidence.

MTR: Takes steps to memorialize God's faithfulness to His promises in your life.

Do my memorials motivate me to obedience?

Do my memorials emphasize the sovereignty of God?

Man needs to be reminded of God's work (19-24).

19 On the tenth day of the first month the people went up from the Jordan and camped at Gilgal on the eastern border of Jericho. 20 And Joshua set up at Gilgal the twelve stones they had taken out of the Jordan. 21 He said to the Israelites, “In the future when your descendants ask their parents, ‘What do these stones mean?’ 22 tell them, ‘Israel crossed the Jordan on dry ground.’ 23 For the LORD your God dried up the Jordan before you until you had crossed over. The LORD your God did to the Jordan what he had done to the Red Sea when he dried it up before us until we had crossed over. 24 He did this so that all the peoples of the earth might know that the hand of the LORD is powerful and so that you might always fear the LORD your God.” [3]

We easily forget the details of what God has done.

Now, on the tenth day of the month, we see Israel on the other side of the Jordan.

the tenth day is significant because this was the day when the Passover lamb was chosen.

For any Israelite who was taking time to think things through, they would have realized that just as God had provided the passover first in Egypt so now God was preparing the people to celebrate the Passover in the promised land. God had been with Israel this entire time and the timing of God's provision here would serve as an excellent reminder that it was God who brought the people out of Egypt and God who now brings the people into the land.

Joshua wisely sets up a reminder at Gilgal and reminds the people that this reminder will serve as a talking point for future generations.

In verse 23 Joshua explicitly connects the original Passover, Exodus, and Red Sea with this crossing.

There can be no confusion, God is the one running everything.

Personally, I really do not like the NIV translation of verse 22. I think it fails to capture the strength of the command.

In verse 22 command "tell" is a translation of וְהֹודַעְתֶּ֖ם אֶת־בְּנֵיכֶ֣ם לֵאמֹ֑ר (make known to your children saying)

The word וְהֹודַעְתֶּ֖ם is more about knowledge and realization than simply telling

The people are to do more than just tell, they are to educate

Image: I think the phrase "teachable moment" is overused

But there are true moments that are designed for teaching. Here Joshua is emphasizing that the monument he has erected at Gilgal is designed to teach.

The world fails to recognize God's work (24).

Joshua then further elaborates. This is not just about reminding Israel, these events demonstrate to the entire world that God is the one who is supreme.

MTR: Set up memorials to the work God is doing.

Conclusion:

Today we have the opportunity to celebrate a very significant memorial in our church, the Lord's Supper.


1 Cor. 11:23-26

Today we will celebrate the Lord's supper. This is the ordinance given by Jesus as the means of remembering what he did. Remember, we do this in memory of Christ. If you have not accepted Christ as your personal Savior, then let the elements pass by you. If you are not walking in fellowship with Christ let them pass. This is a memory of Christ and is something he has given his followers. If you are visiting with us today and have accepted Christ as your Savior and are walking with him we invite you to join. This is not our church's supper, it is the Lord's and you are invited to join us.

In just a moment our deacons will hand out the elements. Please just hold on to them, after we sing we will partake in them together. While we are singing. Take time to worship God, take time to ask God to search your heart and show you any outstanding sin. Confess your sin and ask God to bring you into deeper fellowship with him.

The Bread

If you will now take your cup you will notice that there are two pieces of plastic on the top of your cup. You can slowly peel off the first piece and reveal the piece of bread. We will be eating this together after I read from 1 Cor. 11 (wait 20 seconds).

 For I received from the Lord what I also passed on to you: The Lord Jesus, on the night he was betrayed, took bread, 24 and when he had given thanks, he broke it and said, “This is my body, which is for you; do this in remembrance of me.”[4]


Dismiss the deacons to be seated.

Song:

The Cup

Now we can take our cup again and peel back the second piece of plastic. After I read we will drink together. Remember, this is done in memory of what Christ did for each of us!

25 In the same way, after supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood; do this, whenever you drink it, in remembrance of me.”[5]

1 Cor. 11:26 - Till He Comes

For whenever you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes. [6]

  1. ↑ The New International Version (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011), Joshua 4:1–9.
  2. ↑ The New International Version (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011), Joshua 4:10–18.
  3. ↑ The New International Version (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011), Joshua 4:19–24.
  4. ↑ The New International Version (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011), 1 Co 11:23–24.
  5. ↑ The New International Version (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011), 1 Co 11:25.
  6. ↑ The New International Version (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011), 1 Co 11:26.
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